Endocrine Abstracts

The sex hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) exerts its pleiotropic effects through the binding to the ligand-activated transcription factor estrogen receptor alpha (ERa). The E2:ERa complex regulates several physiological processes including cell survival and proliferation through transcriptional (i.e., estrogen responsive element (ERE)-based gene transcription) and non-transcriptional membrane-initiated effects (i.e., activation of signalling cascades).Many...

Thyroglossal ductal cyst is the most common congenital cervical pathology. Abnormalities in the embryologic development and migration of the thyroid gland can result in this ectopic thyroid tissue, which may occur in the midline in any position from the base of the tongue to the mediastinum. They are rarely seen in adults. Malignant transformation of the cyst is quite rare and is encountered mostly in adults.We retrospectively reviewed two cases of thyro...

The major role of GH during adolescence is to promote longitudinal bone growth, but GH continues to have important metabolic actions throughout life. Additionally, there are evidences of its hole in the maintenance of adult bone mass by regulating bone remodeling during adulthood. However, while GH therapy increase density mineral bone in childhood and adolescent, its effects in adults bone are not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GH in human osteo...

Objective: To find consensus on issues that may raise clinical doubts in the management of patients with acromegaly in Spain.Methods: Nominal group and Delphi methodology was followed. Four experts on acromegaly were selected, who defined important clinical questions in the management of acromegaly. A set recommendations were proposed to solve these questions. Subsequently, a group of 30 additional endocrinologits from all over Spain was selected accordi...

Statement of the problem: Thyroid nodules are one of the most common clinical problems encountered today. Detection of these nodules have been augmented with ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Worldwide, the use of international standards of reporting such as the American Thyroid Association (ATA) Sonographic Pattern Risk Assessment and the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology have been proven to detect thyroid malignancies. However, ultra...

Introduction: Oncocytic adrenocortical neoplasms (OAN) are very rare tumors and they are usually nonfunctional and benign. Approximately 17% of the adrenal oncocytomas are functional. Their clinical and pathological characteristics are unique. The estimated overall median survival for malignant OANs is more favorable than that of conventional adrenocortical carcinomas.Case report: We present the case of a 79-year-old male who attended consultations for s...

Introduction: Consumptive hypothyroidism is a rare condition characterized by the aberrant expression and increased activity of thyroid hormone deiodinase type 3 (DIO3) in neoplastic tissue. This leads to an augmented conversion of thyroxine (T4) to the inactive reverse triiodothyronine (rT3). So far, most cases of consumptive hypothyroidism have been described in infants with hemangiomas.Case presentation: We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with ...

Background: In a previous publication we identified the major predictive factors of levothyroxine (LT4) requirement and proposed an efficient nomogram to calculate LT4 substitutive starting dose after total thyroidectomy for benign disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether the LT4 requirement differs between the tablet and the soft gel capsules formulations.Methods: One hundred and three consecutive patients su...

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is a highly sensitive tumor marker of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). To optimize the sensitivity, guidelines recommend Tg measurement after stimulation with recombinant TSH (rh-TSH) 6–12 months after radio remnant ablation (RRA). Based on recent evidence in Literature, it is possible to avoid the measurement of Tg after stimulation with rh-TSH (S-Tg) in presence of undetectable values of basal Tg (B-Tg) if high functional sensitivity (0.1 ng/ml) m...

Introduction: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most frequent endocrine cancer. After surgery followed, if any, by 131I radio remnant ablation (RRA), follow-up monitoring consists of neck ultrasonography (US) and measurements of thyroglobulin (Tg) levels and anti-Tg antibodies (Ac-Tg) both on levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy and after recombinant TSH (rTSH). The aim of our study is to define a cut-off of Tg before RRA (RRA-Tg) during <...